1. Chii chinonzi switch?
Kuchinjana, kuchinja kunoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekufambiswa kwemashoko, ruzivo runofanira kuendeswa nebhuku rekushandisa kana midziyo kune nzira inoenderana nayo kuti isangane nezvinodiwa. Broad switch switch imhando yemudziyo unopedza basa rekuchinjana ruzivo muhurongwa hwekutaurirana. Iyi nzira ndeyekutsinhana kwekugadzira. Ehe, ikozvino isu tatove nemukurumbira purogiramu-inodzorwa switch, iyo yekutsinhana maitiro ndeye otomatiki. Mune komputa network network, iyo pfungwa yekutsinhana ndeye kuvandudzwa kweiyo yakagovaniswa kushanda mode. Isu takaunza iyo HUB hub imhando yekugovana midziyo, HUB pachayo haigone kuziva kero, kana iyo yakafanana LAN host kune B host data, data mapaketi munetwork inotepfenyurwa kufambisa, neimwe terminal, kuburikidza neyekusimbisa data Baotou kero ruzivo. kuona kuti wogamuchira here. Izvi zvinoreva kuti, nenzira iyi yekushanda, seti imwe chete ye data data inogona kuendeswa kune network panguva imwe chete, uye kana pane kudhumhana, unofanira kuedza zvakare. Iyi nzira ndeyekugovera network bandwidth. Iyo switch ine yakakwira-bandwidth kumashure bhazi uye yemukati yekutsinhana matrix. Zvese zviteshi zvekuchinja zvakanamirwa kune yekumashure bhazi. Mushure mekunge dunhu rekutonga ragamuchira pakiti, chiteshi chekugadzira chinowana tafura yekudzora kero mundangariro kuti uone iyo NIC (network kadhi) yeMAC (hardware kero yetiweki kadhi) kuenda kuchiteshi chechiteshi kuburikidza nechiteshi chekuenda, kuchinjana mukana. kuti "dzidza" kero itsva uye woiwedzera kutafura yekero yemukati. Kuchinjana uye kushandura kwakabva kunhare yekutaurirana system (PSTN), isu tava kuona mufirimu yekare: mukuru (mushandisi wekufonera) akatora maikorofoni kuti azununguke, hofisi iri mutsara wewaya yakazara muchina, akapfeka headset call mukadzi mushure. kugamuchira zvinodikanwa zvekubatanidza, isa iyo tambo mune inopindirana yekubuda, gadza chinongedzo kune maviri mutengi kupera, kusvika pakupera kwekufona. Izvi zvinogona zvakare "chikamu" network, uko switch inongobvumira inodiwa network traffic kuburikidza nekuchinja. Kuburikidza nekusefa kwekuchinja uye kutumira, inogona kunyatso patsanura madutu enhepfenyuro, kuderedza kuitika kwemapakiti enhema uye mapaketi asiri iwo, uye kudzivirira kukakavara kwakagovaniswa. Iyo switch inogona kuendesa data pakati peakawanda peya dzechiteshi panguva imwe chete. Chiteshi chega chega chinogona kutariswa sechikamu chakasiyana chetiweki, uye network network yakabatana nayo chete inonakidzwa neiyo bandwidth yese, pasina kukwikwidza nemimwe michina. Kana node A inotumira data kune node D, node B inogona kutumira data kune node C panguva imwe chete, uye zvose zvinotumirwa zvinonakidzwa nehupamhi hwese network uye vane yavo chaiyo yekubatanidza. Kana iyo 10Mbps Ethernet switch yakashandiswa pano, kutenderera kwese kwekuchinja kwakaenzana ne210Mbps = 20Mbps, uye kushandiswa kweHUB yakagovaniswa ye10Mbps, kutenderera kwese kweHUB hakuzopfuure 10Mbps. Muchidimbu, switch iyi mudziyo wetiweki wakavakirwa pakuzivikanwa kwekero yeMAC uye inogona kupedzisa basa rekuvhara uye kutumira data pakiti. Shanduko inogona"
2. Ndeipi basa rekuchinja?
"Kutsinhana" ndiro izwi rinowanzogara paInternet nhasi, kubva pabhiriji kuenda kunzira kuenda kuATM kuenda kunharembozha, inogona kushandiswa, kwete chaizvo iyo chaiyo kuchinjana. Muchokwadi, izwi rekutsinhana rakatanga kuoneka munharembozha, iyo inoreva kuchinjana kwemasaini ezwi pakati pemafoni maviri akasiyana, uye mudziyo unopedza basa inhare chinja. Saka, sekuda kwepakutanga, kuchinjana ingori pfungwa yehunyanzvi, ndiko kuti, kupedzisa kutumirwa kwechiratidzo kubva pamusuwo wemudziyo wekubuda. Naizvozvo, zvishandiso zvese sekureba kwazviri uye kusangana netsanangudzo zvinogona kunzi switching zvishandiso. Saka, "kuchinjana" ishoko rakafara rinonyatso kureva mudziyo wekubhiridha kana uchishandiswa kutsanangura chikamu chechipiri chedata network, uye mudziyo wekufambisa kana uchishandiswa kutsanangura mudziyo wechitatu dhata network. . Iyo Ethernet switch yatinowanzo taura nezvayo ndeye yakawanda-port yechipiri layer network mudziyo wakavakirwa pabhiriji tekinoroji, iyo inopa yakaderera latency uye yakaderera pamusoro pekupinda kwekuendesa mberi kwemafaira edata kubva kune imwe chiteshi kuenda kune imwe. Nekudaro, panofanirwa kuve nekutsinhana matrix mukati mepakati peiyo switch inopa nzira yekukurukurirana pakati pezviteshi zviviri, kana bhazi rekuchinjana rinokurumidza kutumira data mafuremu anogamuchirwa nechero chiteshi kubva kune mamwe madoko. Mumidziyo inoshanda, basa rekuchinjana matrix rinowanzopedzwa nehunyanzvi chip (ASIC). Uye zvakare, ethernet switch mune iyo dhizaini pfungwa ine fungidziro yakakosha, iyo yekutsinhana yepakati kumhanya inokurumidza, zvekuti kazhinji yakakura traffic data haizoite kuzara kwayo, nemamwe mazwi, kugona kuchinjisa maererano neruzivo uye. kusingaperi (pane zvinopesana, ATM chinja mune dhizaini zano, kuti kugona kwekutsinhana kwehama kune ruzivo kunogumira). Kunyangwe iyo ethernet tier 2 switch yakavakirwa pane yakawanda-chiteshi bhiriji, switching ine hupfumi hwayo maficha, iyo isiri iyo nzira yakanakisa yekuwana yakawanda bandwidth, asiwo inoita kuti network ive nyore kubata.
3 Iyo switch application
Sechinhu chikuru chekubatanidza cheLAN, Ethernet switch yave imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa netiweki zvishandiso. Nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza tekinoroji yekuchinjana, mutengo weEthernet switch wadzikira zvakanyanya, uye kuchinjana kune desktop kwave kuri kuita kwakajairika. Kana Ethernet yako iine vashandisi vakawanda, yakabatikana maapplication, uye akasiyana siyana maseva, uye iwe usati waita chero shanduko kune yayo chimiro, iyo yese network kuita inogona kunge yakaderera. Imwe mhinduro ndeyekuwedzera 10 / 100Mbps chinja kuEthernet, iyo isingagone chete kubata yakajairwa Ethernet data hova pa10Mbps, asi zvakare inotsigira nekukurumidza Ethernet kubatana pa100Mbps. Kana kushandiswa kwetiweki kuchipfuura 40% uye chiyero chekudhumhana chakakura kupfuura 10%, switch inogona kukubatsira kugadzirisa zvishoma. Shanduko ne100Mbps inokurumidza Ethernet uye 10Mbps Ethernet ports inogona kumhanya yakazara duplex, ine yakatsaurirwa 20Mbps kusvika 200Mbps yekubatanidza yakatangwa. Kwete chete mabasa ekuchinja akasiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzetiweki, asiwo mhedzisiro yekuwedzera switch nyowani uye iripo switch mune imwechete network nharaunda. Kunyatsonzwisisa uye kugona iyo traffic traffic yetiweki chinhu chakakosha kuita basa rekuchinja. Nekuti chinangwa chekushandisa switch iri kure sezvinobvira kuderedza uye kusefa kuyerera kwedata mumambure, saka kana switch mune network nekuda kwenzvimbo isina kurongeka yekuisa, inoda kuendesa mberi mapaketi ese akagamuchirwa, switch haigone kuita basa re optimizing network performance, asi inoderedza iyo data yekumhanyisa kumhanya, yakawedzera kunonoka kwetiweki. Pamusoro penzvimbo yekumisikidza, inogona zvakare kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa kana ma switch akawedzerwawo neupofu mumatiweki ane mutoro wakaderera uye ruzivo rwakaderera. Kufuridzirwa nenguva yekugadzirisa kwepakiti, saizi yebhafa yekuchinja uye kudiwa kwekuvandudza mapaketi matsva, kushandisa HUB iri nyore iri nani mune iyi kesi. Naizvozvo, isu hatigone kungofunga kuti ma switch ane mabhenefiti pamusoro peHUB, kunyanya kana network yemushandisi isina kuzara uye paine nzvimbo yakawanda iripo, kushandisa HUB kunogona kushandisa zvizere zviwanikwa zvetiweki.
4. Matatu ekuchinja maitiro ekuchinja
1. Yakatwasuka-kuburikidza mhando (Cheka nepakati)
Ethernet switch mune yakananga modhi inogona kunzwisiswa semutsara matrix runhare chinja pakati pezviteshi. Kana iyo yekupinza chiteshi ichiona pasuru yedata, inotarisa musoro wepakeji, inowana kero yakanangwa yepakeji, inotanga iyo yemukati ine simba yekutsvaga tafura kuti ishandure kuita inoenderana inobuda chiteshi, inobatanidza pamharadzano yekupinza uye kubuda, uye inobatanidza iyo data packet kune inoenderana chiteshi kuti uone basa rekuchinjana. Pasina kuchengetedza kunodiwa, kunonoka kuduku zvikuru uye kuchinjana kunokurumidza, iyo ndiyo inobatsira. Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuti nekuti iyo packet yemukati haina kuchengetwa neEthernet switch, haigone kutarisa kana mapaketi anotapurirwa haana kunaka uye haakwanise kupa kukanganisa kwekuona kugona. Sezvo pasina cache, yekupinda / yekubuda madoko ane mareti akasiyana haigone kubatanidzwa zvakananga uye nyore kurasikirwa nemapaketi.
2. Kuchengeta uye kutumira (Chitoro & Pamberi)
Kuchengetedza uye kutumira maitiro ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa mumunda wekombuta network. Iyo inochengeta mapaketi eiyo yekupinza chiteshi kutanga, uye yobva yaitisa CRC (cyclic redundancy kodhi cheki) cheki. Mushure mekugadzirisa pakiti yekukanganisa, kero yakanangwa yepakiti inobviswa, uye inotumira iyo packet muchiteshi chekuburitsa kuburikidza netafura yekutsvaga. Nekuda kweizvi, iyo yekuchengetedza uye yekuendesa modhi ine kunonoka kukuru mukugadzirisa data, iko kushaikwa kwayo, asi inogona kuona mapaketi e data achipinda muchinjiko uye zvinobudirira kuvandudza mashandiro etiweki. Kunyanya, inogona kutsigira shanduko pakati pezviteshi nekumhanya kwakasiyana, kuchengetedza kurongeka pakati pekumhanyisa madoko uye yakaderera madhishi.
3. Kuparadzaniswa kwechidimbu (Chimedu Chemahara)
Iyi ndiyo mhinduro pane imwe nzvimbo pakati pekutanga maviri. Inotarisa kana packet iri 64 bytes, uye kana iri pasi pe 64 bytes, inhema; kana inopfuura 64 bytes, packet inotumirwa. Iyi nzira zvakare haina kupa data verification. Yayo data processing speed inokurumidza kupfuura yekuchengetedza uye kutumira maitiro, asi inononoka kupfuura yakatwasuka-kuburikidza nemodhi.
5 Chinja kupatsanura
Mukutaura, ma switch akakamurwa kuita marudzi maviri: WAN switch uye LAN switch. WAN switches inonyanya kushandiswa mumunda wekufonera, ichipa hwaro hwepuratifomu yekutaurirana. Uye LAN switch inoiswa kune emunharaunda nharaunda network kubatanidza terminal zvishandiso, sePC uye network maprinta. Kubva pakutapurirana svikiro uye kumhanya kwekufambisa kunogona kukamurwa kuita Ethernet switch, kukurumidza Ethernet switch, Gigabit Ethernet switch, FDDI switch, ATM switch uye token ring switch. Kubva pachiyero chekushandisa, inogona kukamurwa kuita bhizinesi nhanho switch, dhipatimendi danho rekuchinja uye kushanda kweboka switch. Chiyero chemugadziri wega wega hachina kufanana zvachose. Kazhinji kutaura, bhizinesi nhanho switch imhando ye rack, nepo dhipatimendi redhipatimendi switch inogona kuva rack mhando (ishoma slot nhamba) kana yakagadziriswa yekumisikidza mhando, nepo kushanda kweboka nhanho switch yakagadziriswa yekumisikidza mhando (yakareruka basa). Nekune rimwe divi, kubva pamaonero echikero chekushandisa, sema switch emusana, machinjiro emabhizinesi makuru ane anopfuura mazana mashanu eruzivo mapoinzi mabhiziniro ebhizinesi-chikamu, machinjiro emabhizinesi epakati ari pasi pemazana matatu eruzivo mafungu edhipatimendi, uye switch mukati mezana ruzivo. mapoinzi ari kushanda eboka level switch.
6 Chinja basa
Mabasa makuru ekuchinja anosanganisira
Nzvimbo yenyama
Network topology chimiro
kuongorora kukanganisa
Frame sequence pamwe nekuyerera kwekutonga
VLAN (virtual LAN)
Link convergence
firewall
Pamusoro pekukwanisa kubatanidza kune imwechete mhando yemanetiweki, ma switch anogona zvakare kubatana pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzemanetiweki (akadai seEthernet uye Fast Ethernet). Maswichi mazhinji nhasi anogona kupa yakakwirira-kumhanya yekubatanidza zviteshi zvinotsigira kukurumidza Ethernet kana FDDI, nezvimwewo, kubatanidza kune dzimwe switch mune network kana kupa yakawedzera bandwidth kumaseva akakosha ane hombe bandwidth kushandiswa. Kazhinji, chiteshi chega chega chekuchinja chinoshandiswa kubatanidza chikamu chakasiyana chetiweki, asi dzimwe nguva kupa kukurumidza kuwana kukurumidza, tinogona kubatanidza mamwe akakosha network makomputa zvakananga kune switch port. Nenzira iyi, maseva akakosha uye vashandisi vakakosha venetiweki vanozove nekumhanya kwekukurumidza kuwana uye kutsigira yakakura ruzivo traffic.
Nezvedu
Chinja kukanganisa classification:
Kukanganisa kwekuchinja kunogona kukamurwa kuita zvikanganiso zvehardware uye kukanganisa kwesoftware. Hardware kutadza kunonyanya kureva kutadza kweiyo switch magetsi, backplane, module, port uye zvimwe zvikamu, izvo zvinogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvinotevera.
(1)Kukundikana kwesimba:
magetsi emagetsi akakuvadzwa kana feni inomira nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwemagetsi ekunze, kana kuchembera tambo yemagetsi, static magetsi kana kurova kwemheni, saka haigone kushanda zvakajairika. Kukuvadza kune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuchina nekuda kwesimba rekupa zvakare kunowanzoitika. Tichitarisa kukanganisa kwakadaro, tinofanira kutanga taita basa rakanaka remagetsi ekunze, kuunza tambo dzemagetsi dzakazvimiririra kuti dzipe yakazvimirira magetsi, uye kuwedzera voltage regulator kudzivirira pakarepo high voltage kana low voltage phenomenon. Kazhinji kutaura, kune nzira mbiri dzekugovera magetsi emagetsi, asi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, hazvibviri kupa maviri emagetsi emagetsi kune imwe neimwe switch. UPS (simba risingapindiki) rinogona kuwedzerwa kuti ive nechokwadi chenguva dzose magetsi ekuchinja, uye zvakanakisa kushandisa UPS inopa voltage kudzikamisa basa. Uye zvakare, matanho ekudzivirira mheni ehunyanzvi anofanirwa kumisikidzwa mukamuri yemuchina kudzivirira kukuvara kwemheni kune switch.
(2) Kukundikana kwechiteshi:
uku ndiko kutadza kwehardware kwakajairika, ingave iri faibha chiteshi kana yakamonyoroka RJ-45 chiteshi, inofanira kungwarira paunenge uchiisa pluging uye plugging chinongedzo. Kana iyo fiber plug yakasviba netsaona, inogona kukonzera kusvibiswa kwefiber port uye kusakwanisa kutaura zvakajairwa. Isu tinowanzoona vanhu vazhinji vanofarira kurarama kuti vavhare chinongedzo, mune dzidziso, zvakanaka, asi izvi zvakare nekusaziva zvinowedzera chiitiko chekutadza kwechiteshi. Kutarisira panguva yekubata kunogonawo kukonzera kukuvara kwemuviri pachiteshi. Kana saizi yemusoro wekristaro yakakura, zviri nyore zvakare kuparadza chiteshi kana uchiisa switch. Uye zvakare, kana chikamu chemaviri akamonyoroka akabatanidzwa pachiteshi chikaburitswa kunze, kana tambo ikarohwa nemheni, switch port ichakuvadzwa kana kukonzera kukuvadza kusingatarisirwi. Kazhinji, kutadza kwechiteshi kukanganisa kune imwe kana akati wandei madoko. Naizvozvo, mushure mekubvisa kukanganisa kwekombuta yakabatana nechiteshi, unogona kutsiva chiteshi chakabatana kuti utonge kana chakanganiswa. Nokuda kwekukundikana kwakadaro, chenesa chiteshi nedoro donje bhora mushure mokunge simba radzimwa. Kana chiteshi chengarava chakuvadzwa zvechokwadi, chiteshi chinongotsiviwa.
(3) Module kukundikana:
shanduko inoumbwa nemamodule akawanda, akadai se stacking module, manejimendi module (inozivikanwawo se control module), kuwedzera module, etc. Mukana wekukundikana kwema modules idiki kwazvo, asi kana paine dambudziko, ivo kutambura kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi. Kukundikana kwakadaro kunogona kuitika kana module iri kuiswa netsaona, kana switch iri kurovera, kana magetsi asina kugadzikana. Ehezve, iwo matatu mamodule ataurwa pamusoro ese ane ekunze interfaces, izvo zviri nyore kuziva, uye vamwe vanogona zvakare kuona chikanganiso kuburikidza nechiratidzo chechiedza pane module. Semuenzaniso, iyo yakaturikidzana module ine flat trapezoidal port, kana mamwe ma switch ane USB-yakafanana interface. Kune CONSOLE chiteshi pane manejimendi module yekubatanidza netiweki manejimendi komputa kuitira nyore manejimendi. Kana iyo module yekuwedzera iri fiber yakabatana, pane peya yefiber interfaces. Paunenge uchigadzirisa zvikanganiso zvakadaro, tanga waona magetsi ekuchinja uye module, wozotarisa kana module yega yega yakaiswa munzvimbo chaiyo, uye pakupedzisira tarisa kana tambo yekubatanidza module yakajairika. Kana uchibatanidza iyo manejimendi module, inofanirwawo kufunga kuti inotora iyo yakatarwa yekubatanidza chiyero, kana paine parity cheki, kana paine data flow control nezvimwe zvinhu. Kana uchibatanidza iyo module yekuwedzera, unofanirwa kutarisa kuti inoenderana neiyo nzira yekutaurirana, sekushandisa yakazara-duplex modhi kana hafu-duplex modhi. Ehezve, kana ikasimbiswa kuti module yakashata, pane mhinduro imwe chete, ndiko kuti, iwe unofanirwa kubata pakarepo mutengesi kuti uitsive.
(4) Kukundikana kweBackplane:
imwe neimwe module ye switch yakabatana kune backplane. Kana nharaunda yakanyorova, bhodhi redunhu rakanyorova uye pfupi dunhu, kana zvikamu zvakakuvadzwa nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya, kurova kwemheni uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzeresa kuti bhodhi redunhu risashande zvakajairika. Semuyenzaniso, kushata kwekupisa kupisa kuita kana tembiricha yakadzikama yakanyanyisa, zvichikonzera tembiricha yemuchina, ichiraira kuti zvikamu zvipise. Panyaya yemagetsi ekunze ekunze, kana ma modules emukati ekuchinja asingakwanisi kushanda nemazvo, zvingave kuti iyo backplane yakaputsika, mune iyi kesi, nzira chete ndeyekutsiva iyo backplane. Asi mushure mekugadzirisa hardware, ndiro yedunhu rezita rimwe chete rinogona kuva nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasiyana. Kazhinji, mabasa ebhodhi redunhu idzva achaenderana nemabasa ebhodhi rekare redunhu. Asi basa rekare rekare redunhu bhodhi harienderani nebasa rebhodhi redunhu idzva.
(5) Cable yakundikana:
iyo jumper inobatanidza tambo uye chigadziro chekugovera chinoshandiswa kubatanidza modules, racks uye midziyo. Kana dunhu rakapfupika, dunhu rakavhurika kana kubatana kwenhema kuchiitika mumutsara wetambo kana jumper mune idzi tambo dzekubatanidza, kukundikana kwehurongwa hwekutaurirana huchaumba. Kubva pane maonero ari pamusoro pezvikanganiso zvakawanda zvehardware, nzvimbo yakashata yekamuri yemuchina iri nyore kutungamirira kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekukundikana, saka mukuvakwa kwekamuri yemuchina, chipatara chinofanira kutanga kuita basa rakanaka rekudzivirira mheni pasi, magetsi, tembiricha yemukati, humidity yemukati, anti-electromagnetic kupindira, anti-static uye kumwe kuvaka nharaunda, kupa nharaunda yakanaka yebasa rakajairwa retiweki michina.
Kutadza kwesoftware kwekuchinja:
Kukundikana kweSoftware yekuchinja kunoreva iyo sisitimu uye kutadza kwayo kugadzirisa, iyo inogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvinotevera.
(1) system kukanganisa:
Chirongwa BUG: Pane hurema muhurongwa hwesoftware. Iyo switch system isanganiswa yehardware uye software. Mukati meiyo switch, mune inozorodza yekuverenga-chete ndangariro inobata software system inodiwa kune iyi switch. Nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekugadzira panguva iyoyo, kune mamwe maburi, kana mamiriro acho akakodzera, zvinotungamira kune switch yakazara mutoro, bhegi kurasikirwa, bhegi risiri iro uye mamwe mamiriro. Kune matambudziko akadai, isu tinofanirwa kukudziridza tsika yekuwanzo tarisa mawebhusaiti evagadziri vemidziyo. Kana paine hurongwa hutsva kana chigamba chitsva, ndapota chigadzirise nenguva.
(2) Kugadziriswa kusina kunaka:
Nekuti kune akasiyana chinja masisitimu, maneti manejimendi anowanzo aine zvikanganiso zvekumisikidza kana configswitch. Mhosho huru ndeiyi: 1. System data error: system data, kusanganisira software setting, inoshandiswa kutsanangura hurongwa hwose. Kana iyo data data isiriyo, inokonzeresa kutadza kuzere kwehurongwa, uye ine kukanganisa pane yese exchange Bureau.2. Bureau data kukanganisa: Iyo Bureau data inotsanangurwa zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo eiyo exchange Bureau. Kana iyo data yechiremera isiri iyo, ichavawo nemhedzisiro pahofisi yese yekutsinhana.3. Mushandisi data Kanganiso: Iyo data yemushandisi inotsanangura mamiriro emushandisi wega wega. Kana iyo data yevashandisi ikaiswa zvisina kunaka, ichava nemhedzisiro kune mumwe mushandisi.4, iyo hardware yekumisikidza haina kukodzera: iyo hardware yekumisikidza ndeyekuderedza rudzi rwedunhu redunhu, uye boka kana akati wandei mapoka ekuchinja akaiswa. bhodhi redunhu, kutsanangura mamiriro ekushanda kwebhodhi redunhu kana nzvimbo muhurongwa, kana hardware isina kuiswa zvakanaka, ichatungamirira kubhodhi redunhu harishande zvakanaka. Kukundikana kwerudzi urwu dzimwe nguva kunonetsa kuwana, kunoda humwe huwandu hwekuunganidza ruzivo. Kana iwe usingakwanisi kuona kana pane dambudziko nekugadzirisa, dzorera fekitari default configuration uye ipapo nhanho nhanho. Zvakanakisisa kuverenga mirayiridzo isati yagadziriswa.
(3) Zvinhu Zvokunze:
Nekuda kwekuvapo kwemavhairasi kana kurwiswa kwehacker, zvinogoneka kuti muenzi anogona kutumira nhamba yakakura yemapakiti asingasangane nemitemo ye encapsulation kune yakabatana chiteshi, zvichikonzera kuti switch processor yakabatikana zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kuti mapaketi anonoka. kumberi, zvichitungamira kune buffer leakage uye packet kurasikirwa chiitiko. Imwe nyaya ndeyedutu rekutepfenyura, iro risingangotore yakawanda yetiweki bandwidth, asi zvakare inotora yakawanda yeCPU yekugadzirisa nguva. Kana iyo network yakagarwa nehuwandu hukuru hwenhepfenyuro data pakiti kwenguva yakareba, iyo yakajairwa point-to point kutaurirana haizoitwe zvakajairwa, uye kumhanya kwenetiweki kunononoka kana kupera simba.
Muchidimbu, kutadza kwesoftware kunofanirwa kuve kwakaoma kuwana pane kutadza kwehardware. Pakugadzirisa dambudziko, zvingasada kushandisa mari yakawandisa, asi zvinoda nguva yakawanda. Netiweki maneja anofanira kukudziridza tsika yekuchengeta matanda mubasa ravo rezuva nezuva. Pese panoitika mhosho, rekodha chiitiko chemhosho nenguva, maitiro ekuongorora kukanganisa, mhinduro yekukanganisa, pfupiso yerudzi rwekukanganisa uye rimwe basa, kuitira kuti vaunganidze ivo pachavo ruzivo. Mushure mekugadzirisa dambudziko rega rega, isu tichanyatsoongorora chikonzero chedambudziko uye mhinduro. Nenzira iyi isu tinogona kugara tichizvinatsiridza isu uye kupedzisa zvirinani iro rakakosha basa retiweki manejimendi.
Nguva yekutumira: May-15-2024